INTRODUCTION
All over the world, environmental changes are posing a big threat for the globe.All countries are consequently focusing actions to fight climatic change and promote sustainability. India has concurrently taken one step forward with the Mission called as National Mission for Green India. National Mission for Green India which is commonly known as Green India is a component among the 8 components of the National Action Plan on Climate Change(NAPCC). It was started in Feb 2014. Mainly the purpose of this mission is to protect nature like animals and forests to help fight climate change. Through this mission, the Government of India wants to make India healthier as well as greener. This mission will not only take care of our environment but it will also keep the people and animals safe and healthy.
Followings are the Key Objective of National Mission for Green India: –
1. Conservation of Biodiversity- The mission focuses on overall safeguarding biodiversity to ensure the balance of nature and the survival of various species. The mission ultimately focuses on protecting different plants, animals, and ecosystems.
2. Increase Forest and Tree cover- This mission helps in creating more green spaces by planting more trees and finally expanding forests across India. Green Cover by trees and plants is good for the environment as well as wildlife.
3. Improving livelihood-There are people who depend on forests for their livelihood and the mission finally helps these people. By promoting sustainable ways of using forests and creating alternative Income sources NMGI ensures that the community may thrive without harming the environment.
4. Betterment of Ecosystem Services – The mission works for the betterment of the services that nature provides, like clean air, water, fertile soil, and tree shades. Vigorous ecosystems aid people by preventing floods, supporting agriculture, reducing soil erosion, and storing carbon.
5. Climate change mitigation-NMGI contributes to India’s attempt to mitigate climate change and meet its commitment under international agreements like the Paris Agreement. This is done by improving ecosystem health, increasing forest cover, etc.
6. Water Security- NMGI contributes to water security by regulating the water cycle, enhancing water availability, and also by moderating the impact of floods and droughts.
1.Rainfed Area Development(RAD): –
It develops an area-based approach for the development and conservation of natural resources along with farming systems. RAD is the cluster of different dimensions of agriculture such as crops, horticulture, livestock, forestry, fishery, and other agro-based activities which are sources of raising money. It implements good practices that control soil nutrients based on the development of farming land and soil health cards. RAD also grows new property resources like banks for fodder, and grains, combined marketing initiatives, and shredders for biomass. RAD is based on a cluster-based approach with an area of 100 hectares or more.
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY: –
1. Technology integration – Mission monitors forests by using technology like satellites and special maps. It helps us plan and make timely decisions and, hence, promote forest cover.
2. Partnership- The government should work together with Local communities, NGOs, and businesses for the proper implementation of the mission. When we come together, we can think of different fruitful ideas and we can certainly use our resources in a better manner.
3. Policy support – The government should make laws and policies to protect and take care of forests. These laws should encourage protecting forests, planting more trees, and using the land in such a way that keeps it safe and fertile.
4. Capacity building – The Government needs to help people who take care of forests and big plantations to learn new skills. They can learn new skills like how to grow trees in nurseries and how to use land in a way to keep it healthy.
5. Community Partnership-People living near forests should take care of forest trees and should be involved in decision making. When they are involved in decision-making for the growth of forests, they get a sense of responsibility.
6. Afforestation and Reforestation- The mission plan is to restore degraded forests, first by cutting down old forests and planting and developing new forest areas to increase green cover.
7. Research and Innovation-The mission encourages research and innovation and capacity building in biodiversity monitoring and climate change adaptation.
CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD:-
1. Illegal Logging- Cutting down forest trees for personal benefits, and thereby damaging the greenery, and hurting the animals who live there.
The government should frame laws and strict rules against illegal logging and also punish the culprits.
2.Encroachment- In some areas, local residence surprisingly builds their home and start agricultural activities by damaging the forests.
The government should make those people aware of the importance of forests and concurrently ask them to protect the ecosystem. The law should be enforced parallely to avoid illegal invasion of land. In this way, the Government may stop them from using forest land illegally.
3. Climate change- Climate change is also imposing a threat for forests to grow and stay healthy. The drastic climate change as a result makes it difficult for various plants to flourish and keep the area green.
We need to help forests to become more resilient and also we have to find ways to adapt to these changes. It may involve planting trees which may cope with climate changes and thus protect forests from extreme weather events.
4. Forest fires- Fires burn and damage a large forest area as they propagate very fast and engulf the forests. These burned areas take a longer time to grow back.
We have to educate people to be careful with fire and have a plan to quickly put out any fires that start.
5. Inadequate funding – The insufficient money to take care of forests obviously poses a challenge to the success of the Mission.
The government should allocate more funds for development of forests and forest conservation to keep the land green. Support can be sought from the organizations who care about ecosystem.
CONCLUSION:
In Conclusion, The National Mission for Green India is a major component of the National Action Plan for climate change. The mission is undoubtedly an important step towards addressing the urgent environmental challenges faced by the nation. The mission focuses on restoring degraded ecosystems, conserving biodiversity, enhancing forest cover, and hence promoting sustainable livelihood. NMGI’s target is to ultimately create a more resilient, greener, and inclusive future for India. To tap the full potential of NMGI, Governments, Social society businesses, and individuals have to put unidirectional efforts to concurrently overcome challenges, leverage opportunities, and sustainable development across the country. By sincere effort and commitment, India can finally lead the way towards a prosperous and more sustainable future for generations to come.
